Formulation and Evaluation of Polyherbal Anti-Acne Gel

A.C. Patil *, A.R. Patil, A.C. Patil, S. J. Shid, V.N. Dange, C.S. Magdum, S.K. Mohite

Department of Pharmaceutics, Rajarambapu College of Pharmacy, Kasegaon, Tal- Walwa, Dist- Satara

*Corresponding Author E-mail: shubhangishid@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:

Acne is an infection of the skin, caused by changes in the sebaceous glands. The most common form of acne is called acne vulgaris, which means "common acne". The redness comes from the inflammation of the skin in response to the infection. One of the most common disorders found among youngsters usually 18 - 25 years of age is Acne. Acne vulgaris, which is a skin disorder of the pilosebaceous gland leads to the formation of inflammatory lesions, seborrhea etc. There is a remarkable demand of herbal formulations in the global market. Acne is a popular disorder among the teenagers which make them feel unappealing to look at and also a sort of inferior feel. They take many measures to avoid and cure acne. Plants are well known for their medicinal and cosmetic uses.

KEYWORDS: Acne, Neem, Nutmeg

OBJECTIVE:

The main objective of the present work is to develop an effective Polyherbal gel for the treatment of Acne and to evaluate the same by preliminary methods.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Selection of Plat

Neem- Azadirachta indica

Family – Meliaceae

Nutmeg-Myristica fragrans Houtt.

Family: Myristicaceae

PREPARATION OF THE EXTRACTS:

Plant extracts were prepared separately by a continuous extraction apparatus (Soxhlet apparatus). 50 g of plant powder was placed inside the thimble-holder of Soxhlet apparatus in addition to 500 ml of ethanol organic solvent (rate 1:10 w/v). Extraction continued for four hours, until the solvent that came out of the thimble became colorless. Extracts were dried using rotary vacuum evaporator at a temperature not exceeding 40°C. The thick layer of the bottom was stored in sterile bottles at 4°C for further experiments.

Development of formulation (Anti-Acne Gel):

The desired concentration of gelling agent was weighed accurately and dispersed in hot purified water. With moderate stirring, avoiding air entrapment and allowed to soak overnight. Desired quantity of methyl paraben was dissolved in the remaining amount of water by gentle heating. Desired quantity of polyethylene glycol 4000, propylene glycol and herbal extract were added to the above mixture. This was finally mixed with previously soaked gel formulation. Triethanolamine was added at last to adjust the pH. Prepared formulations were filled in a suitable container and labeled accordingly.

Compositions of developed formulations:

Table. No. 1

Sr. no.	Ingredient	Batches			Role
Sr. no.	Ingredient	F1	F2	F3	Role
1	Neem	5 gm	-	5gm	Antibacterial
2	Nutmeg	-	2.5gm	2.5gm	Antibacterial
3	Carbapol(934)	1gm	1gm	1gm	Gelling agent
4	PEG 4000	5gm	5gm	5gm	Plasticizer
5	Propylene glycol	15ml	15gm	15gm	Humectants
6	Methyl paraben	0.2gm	0.2gm	0.2gm	Preservative
7	Triethanolamine	q.s.	q.s.	q.s.	Neutralizer
8	Purified water q. s.	100	100	100	Vehicle

Evaluation of the Gel:

1. Physical evaluation:

Physical parameters such as colour, appearance and consistency were checked visually.

2. Washability:

Formulations were applied on the skin and then ease and extend of washing with water were checked manually.

3. pH

pH of 1% aqueous solution of formulation was measured by using a calibrated digital pH meter at constant temperature.

4. Spreadability:

The apparatus consist of a wooden block with a fixed glass slide and movable glass slide with one end tied to weight pan rolled on the pulley, which was in the horizontal level with fixed slide. The spreadability of the formulated gel was measured on the basis of ‘Slip and Drag’ characteristics of gel. An excess of gel (about 2gm ) under study was placed on this ground slide .the gel was then sandwiched between two slides.500g weight was placed on the top of the two slides for 5 min. to expel air and two provide a uniform film of the gel between the slides. Excess of the gel was crapped off from the edges. The top plate was then subjected to pull of 80g.mix with the help of string attached to the hook and the time (T, in seconds) required by the top slide to move a distance of 6.5 cm be noted. A shorter interval indicated better spreadability.

5. Anti Microbial Activity:

The antibacterial activities of different formulations were determined by modified Agar well diffusion method. In this method, nutrient agar plates were seeded with 0.2ml. 24hrs.of broth culture of Bacillus,a causative organism for acne vulgaris. The agar plates were allowed to solidify. A sterile 8mm borer was used to cut wells of equidistance in each of the plates. 0.5ml of formulations, herbal extract introduced into the wells at randomly. The plates were incubated at 37ºc for 24 hrs. The anti bacterial activities were evaluated by measuring the zones of inhibition (in mm).the results of evaluation are shown in table.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION:

Table. No. 2

Sr.no.	Evaluation tests	Batches
Sr.no.	Evaluation tests	F1(Neem)	F2(Nutmeg)	F3(Neem-Nutmeg)
1	Physical evaluation I. Colour II. Appearance III. Consistency	Green Semisolid Semisolid	Faint brown Semisolid Semisolid	Green Semisolid Semisolid
2	Washability	Good	Good	Good
3	pH	7.12	7.09	7.15
4	Spreadability	15.75 g.cm/min	26 g.cm/min	34.66 g.cm/min
5	Anti Microbial Activity	10mm	20mm	40mm

CONCLUSION:

Natural remedies are more exceptable in the belief that they are safer with fewer side effects than the synthetic ones herbal formulations have growing demand in the world market. It is a very good attempt to establish the herbal gel containing hyrdro alcoholic extract of neem leaves(Azadirachta indica) and fruits of Nutmeg (Myristica fragrance) this study revolved that the developed single herbal formulation F3 was comparitively better than other formulation. The present research work can be suggested as an effective tool for treating Acne.

REFERENCES:

1. Vijayalakshmi A, Tripura A, Ravichandiran V. Development and evaluation of anti acne products from Terminalia arjuna Bark. Int J Pharmtech Research. 3(1) (2011)320-327.

2. Goulden Victoria. Guidelines for the management of acne vulgaris in adolescents. Pediatr. Drugs. 5(2003): 301-313

3. Gopal M.G, Farahana B, Dr. Kala Suhas Kulkarni, Effectiveness of Herbal Medication in treatment of Acne vulgaris- A pilot Study, The Indian Practioner; 2001, 54, 10, 723.

4. R. S. Adnaik, D. A. Bhagwat, I. D. Raut, S. K. Mohite, C. S. Magdum, Laxative and Anthelmintic potential of cassia alata flower extract, Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. Vol-04, No.01, January 2011, 98-100.

5. Kanlayavattanakul. M., Lourith N. Therapeutic agents and herbs in topical application for acne treatment. Int. J. Cosmetic Sci. 2011; 33:289-29.

Received on 18.09.2017 Accepted on 28.11.2017

Research J. Topical and Cosmetic Sci. 8(2): July-Dec. 2017 page 61-63

DOI: 10.5958/2321-5844.2017.00007.3